[ABSTRACT] The discoveries in neurobiology, neuroelectrophysiology, neuroimaging and genetics that sustain the so called biological psychiatry, have provided an etiopathogenical and physiopathological approach to the the mental disorders. The great deal of the basic and clinical research has been centered in the mayor depressive disorder, being scarce the studies about the manic syndrome. The interpretation of the data obtained is difficult given the methodological difficulty inherent to the ass