[ABSTRACT] Introduction: Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been reported to be very higher in Colombian population. This prevalence was estimated between 16.1 to 18%, using rating scales for parents. However, these data have been challenged because the absence of other information sources. Objective: to prove the prevalence of ADHD in Colombian children and adolescents, using multiple approaches for the diagnosis and differential diagnoses.Methods: a randomize