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SITUATION AWARENESS AND AVIATION PSYCHOLOGY Lic. Javier Gutiérrez Descalzo Clinical Psychologist and Civil Aviator

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Post de usuario | Fecha de publicación: 24/06/2026
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Title Situation Awareness and Aviation Psychology: Historical Evolution, Spatial Disorientation, and a Model for Flight Adaptation Abstract / Description This paper provides a comprehensive review of aviation psychology as a critical discipline within the complex socio-technical systems of modern aviation. Authored by Lic. Javier Gutiérrez Descalzo (Clinical Psychologist and Civil Aviator), the w...

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Title Situation Awareness and Aviation Psychology: Historical Evolution, Spatial Disorientation, and a Model for Flight Adaptation Abstract / Description This paper provides a comprehensive review of aviation psychology as a critical discipline within the complex socio-technical systems of modern aviation. Authored by Lic. Javier Gutiérrez Descalzo (Clinical Psychologist and Civil Aviator), the work traces the discipline's development from its global antecedents during World War I and its institutional evolution in the Argentine Republic (such as the creation of INMAE) to the consolidation of Human Factors and Crew Resource Management (CRM) post-World War II. The core of the article analyzes the psychophysiological challenges threatening operational safety, focusing heavily on **spatial disorientation**—a phenomenon estimated to account for approximately 20% of fatal aircraft accidents. It examines its neurological substrates, the degrees of cognitive impairment it induces (Type I, II, and III), and the vital role of physiological training in achieving vestibular suppression (e.g., via the Barany Chair) to override erroneous biological reflexes. Finally, the construct of **Situation Awareness (SA)** is operationalized using Dr. Mica Endsley’s canonical three-level hierarchical model: Perception, Comprehension, and Projection. The paper concludes by presenting an integrative relational equation where baseline psychophysiological aptitude, vestibular suppression training, and cognitive information processing converge as the three fundamental pillars to achieve optimal flight adaptation and accident prevention. Keywords Aviation Psychology, Situation Awareness, Human Factors, Spatial Disorientation, Operational Safety, Crew Resource Management (CRM), Vestibular Suppression, Aerospace Medicine, Pilot Profile, Flight Physiology.

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